山寨
释义 DEFINITION
基本释义：
- 原指山中的营寨，古代多用于描述非官方武装势力的据点（历史用法）
- 现多指模仿知名品牌但质量较低的产品，常见于电子产品、服装等领域（2000年代主要用法）
- 网络语境下延伸指带有戏仿性质的二次创作，如恶搞视频、低成本翻拍剧等（近年流行用法）
当前互联网使用最广泛的是第三种含义，特指带有草根创意性质的模仿行为，这种用法往往带有中性偏戏谑的色彩。
词源故事 ETYMOLOGY
这个词汇的演变堪称中国改革开放的微观史。2003年前后，深圳涌现大量仿制手机的小作坊，因藏身偏远地区被称为"山寨厂"。2008年央视《经济半小时》报道后，"山寨手机"现象引发全国讨论。
2010年B站兴起时期，网友用"山寨电影"指代自制恶搞视频，词义开始转向中性化。2018年《流浪地球》上映后，越南网友制作的《山寨版流浪地球》预告片在YouTube获得百万播放，标志着该词在国际模因(meme)文化中的认同。
典型例句：
"这个YouTuber做的山寨版《鱿鱼游戏》场景，虽然道具全是纸板，但创意分拉满！"
"警惕淘宝上的山寨AirPods，连接动画做得一模一样，但续航只有两小时"
DEFINITION
Core Meanings:
- Originally referring to mountain fortresses used by unofficial armed forces in ancient China (historical context)
- Now commonly denotes low-quality imitations of branded products, especially prevalent in electronics and apparel (primary usage since 2000s)
- In internet culture, it has evolved to describe parody creations like meme videos or low-budget remakes, often with grassroots creativity (contemporary usage)
The third meaning dominates current online discourse, carrying a tone of playful imitation rather than pure counterfeiting. It reflects China's unique mix of mass innovation and intellectual property ambiguity.
ETYMOLOGY
The evolution of "Shanzhai" mirrors China's economic transformation. The term gained prominence in 2008 when CCTV exposed cheap copycat phones produced in Shenzhen's underground workshops (literally "mountain fortress" factories). These $30 phones with LED flashlights and dual SIM cards revolutionized rural communication.
The cultural turning point came in 2016 when Bilibili creators began producing "Shanzhai Avengers" videos using cardboard props. Unlike pure piracy, these parodies celebrated DIY spirit. The 2021 Vietnamese fan-made "Shanzhai Squid Game" trailer, garnering 2.7 million views on YouTube, demonstrated its global meme potential.
Modern usage examples:
"That Shanzhai Dyson hair dryer looks identical, but it actually spews glitter instead of hot air - chaotic but brilliant!"
"Shanzhai culture is double-edged: it democratizes design yet challenges IP norms" (TechCrunch comment)