血汗工厂
释义 DEFINITION
血汗工厂包含以下含义：
- 原指19世纪工业革命时期剥削工人的生产场所，现特指劳动条件恶劣、工资待遇低下、违反劳动法的生产企业
- 网络语境中延伸指代任何高强度工作但回报不成正比的环境（如互联网公司的'996'工作制）
当代网络使用中，第二种含义使用频率更高，常用来批判资本压榨现象。
词源故事 ETYMOLOGY
这个词的演变堪称一部微型劳工史。19世纪英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯在《艰难时世》中描写的纺织厂，可谓'血汗工厂'的文学原型。2000年后，随着中国成为'世界工厂'，这个词汇通过富士康连环跳楼事件重新进入公众视野。
2013年央视曝光苹果代工厂劳动条件后，'血汗工厂'的百度搜索量激增470%。转折点出现在2019年，程序员在GitHub发起的'996.ICU'抗议运动（工作996，生病ICU），将这个词彻底符号化。如今网友用'数字血汗工厂'形容互联网大厂，用'学术血汗工厂'指代科研压榨，甚至衍生出'赛博血汗工厂'等新词。
例句：
- 原意：'那家服装厂简直是血汗工厂，工人连上厕所都要计时'
- 引申：'大厂的算法优化岗就是新时代的血汗工厂，昨天又有人晕倒在工位'
DEFINITION
Sweatshop carries dual meanings:
- Originally referring to exploitative factories during the Industrial Revolution, now indicating any manufacturing facility with illegal working conditions and unfair wages
- In internet culture, metaphorically describing modern workplaces (especially tech companies) enforcing extreme overtime like China's '996' schedule (9am-9pm, 6 days/week)
The contemporary online usage predominantly focuses on criticizing corporate exploitation in knowledge-based industries.
ETYMOLOGY
The evolution of this term mirrors labor history. Charles Dickens' depiction of textile mills in Hard Times provided literary prototypes for sweatshops. The term regained prominence in 2010 when Foxconn's worker suicide crisis exposed harsh conditions in Chinese electronics factories.
After CCTV's 2013 exposé on Apple suppliers, Baidu searches for 'xuè hàn gōng chǎng' surged 470%. The pivotal moment came in 2019 with the '996.ICU' GitHub protest - Chinese tech workers comparing their 9am-9pm/6-day schedules to lethal labor camps ('ICU' referring to intensive care units).
Modern netizens now create variations like 'digital sweatshops' for tech giants and 'academic sweatshops' for research exploitation. This linguistic adaptation reflects how ancient exploitation patterns persist in new economic forms.