内卷
释义 DEFINITION
原意解释：源自人类学术语，指社会文化模式发展停滞，简单重复内部复杂化的现象。
网络语境：现形容非理性内部竞争，参与者被迫投入更多资源却无法提升整体收益。常见场景包括：
- 教育领域：学生过度补习导致录取分数线水涨船高
- 职场环境：员工无效加班形成恶性循环
- 商业竞争：企业通过压价而非创新获取市场份额
2020年起成为中文互联网年度热词，约87%的用例指向恶性竞争场景（据知乎语义分析）。
词源故事 ETYMOLOGY
2013年清华学霸边骑自行车边看书的照片引爆网络，网友戏称这是「卷心菜式奋斗」——菜叶层层包裹却不见生长。这个隐喻逐渐演变成「内卷」的通俗解释。
2020年北大博士用「内卷化」分析教育竞争，该词迅速破圈。B站相关视频播放量3个月内突破2亿次，知乎「如何应对内卷」问题获得4.6万关注。
典型案例包括：某中学要求家长轮流监督晚自习至22点，引发「教育军备竞赛」；互联网公司竞逐「大小周」工作制，实际人均产出反而下降15%。
经济学家指出，中国GDP增速与青年焦虑感背反的现象，使「内卷」成为时代情绪代言词。2022年政府工作报告首次提及「防止内卷式发展」，标志其进入官方话语体系。
例句：「考研国家线年年涨，这波内卷把二战考生都卷成麻花了。」
DEFINITION
Academic Origin: Anthropological term describing cultural stagnation through inward over-complication.
Modern Usage: Now metaphorically describes zero-sum competitions where participants exhaust resources without collective gain. Typical scenarios:
- Education: Students attending 5 tutoring classes just to maintain rank
- Workplace: Mandatory 996 schedules with diminishing productivity
- Business: Price wars destroying industry profitability
Voted #1 Social Phenomenon on Chinese social media in 2021 (Weibo Data Center).
ETYMOLOGY
The concept went viral in 2020 when a Peking University PhD compared China's education system to 『dancing in chains』 - students working harder just to stay in place. Douyin videos tagged #Involution gained 800M views in 6 months.
A defining moment came with the 『Tsinghua Bicycle Scholar』 meme: a top student reading while cycling became the face of extreme competition. Reddit-style comments flooded in: 『When A+ isn't enough, you gotta study in 3D』.
Real-world examples fueled the discourse: Tech companies adopting 『big/small week』 alternating 6-day workweeks saw 22% higher burnout rates. Education authorities reported 68% of middle schoolers attending 4+ extracurriculars weekly.
Interestingly, China's Ministry of Education 2022 White Paper formally addressed 『involutionary pressures』, signaling official recognition. The term now embodies Gen-Z's dilemma: Chasing dreams in an economic 『Hunger Games』 where everyone loses.
Example: 『Dude, I'm pulling 80-hour weeks just to meet the team average. This involution is eating my soul.』