潜水
释义 DEFINITION
基本释义：原指借助装备在水下活动的行为，现多用于网络语境中表示在社交媒体/群组中只看消息不发言的状态。
互联网释义：约90%的使用场景指代'沉默观察者'行为，常见于微信/QQ群聊场景。这种行为既可能出于社交焦虑，也可能是为避免参与敏感话题的自我保护。
情感色彩：中性偏消极，使用时可能暗含'不够活跃'的轻微指责，如'你又在潜水'。
词源故事 ETYMOLOGY
这个网络用语的演化堪称数字时代社交礼仪的缩影。最早可追溯至2000年代初QQ群组时代，当群成员列表开始显示'在线但未发言'状态时，其他用户形象化地称之为'潜水'，对应'冒泡'（短暂发言）和'灌水'（积极聊天）。
2016年微信普及后迎来语义爆发。工作群中领导常用'不要潜水'催促回复，游戏社群则发展出'战术潜水'（假装不在线规避组队请求）等变体。2021年豆瓣小组的匿名潜水文化甚至催生了'潜水员勋章'这种反向荣誉体系。
典型例句：'这个500人的校友群，日常只有3个人说话，其他人都在深度潜水。'
DEFINITION
Core Meaning: Literally 'diving underwater', now primarily refers to silently observing online communities without active participation.
Internet Culture: Similar to western 'lurking' but with Chinese social media characteristics. In WeChat groups (similar to WhatsApp groups with 500+ members), about 60% users are estimated to be 'qianshui' participants according to 2023 Tencent research.
Cultural Nuance: While acceptable in large groups, being called out as 'qianshui' in close friend circles might imply social detachment.
ETYMOLOGY
The term's evolution mirrors China's digital socialization patterns. Emerging from early 2000s QQ chat groups where member statuses were visible, users coined 'qianshui' to describe those silently present - analogous to submarine sonar blips.
The 2016 WeChat boom amplified its usage. Workplace groups see managers urging 'stop lurking' for quicker responses, while gaming communities developed variations like 'tactical lurking' (avoiding team invites). Notably, Douban groups created 'lurker badges' in 2021, satirizing anonymous participation culture.
Cultural Insight: Unlike western lurking's passive connotation, Chinese 'qianshui' sometimes carries strategic social positioning implications in guanxi-driven networks.